NUCLEAR ARMED IRAN: A CATALYST FOR STABILITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST? REASSESSING REGIONAL DYNAMICS

Abstract

This study explores through the lens of neo-defensive realism whether a nuclear-armed Iran could contribute to stability in the Middle East by deterring large-scale conflicts and reshaping regional power dynamics. Drawing on historical precedents and nuclear deterrence theory the research scrutinizes the potential for strategic balance while acknowledging the risks of escalation, arms races, and proxy warfare. Although, nuclearization imposes caution on Iran and its rivals. Yet, it also raises uncertainties regarding regional security and non-proliferation efforts. The findings highlight the paradox of nuclear deterrence—offering both the potential for stability and the danger of heightened tensions. Demanding the need for diplomatic strategies to navigate this evolving geopolitical landscape. This research offers Global South perspective rather than promoting nuclear proliferation.