DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: A COMPARISON BETWEEN PAKISTAN AND THE WESTERN WORLD

Abstract

This research paper explores the differences in management approach and environment between higher education institutions in Pakistan and the Western world. The study aims to identify the unique challenges and opportunities faced by Pakistani universities in comparison to their Western counterparts. The study employed qualitative data collection and analysis methods. Focused discussions took place during the research from some universities of Karachi solely due to a lack of available resources. The findings reveal significant differences in management approach and environment between Pakistani and Western universities, including differences in governance structures, academic freedom, funding models, and faculty roles. The study concludes with recommendations for improving the management of higher education institutions in Pakistan, including the need for greater autonomy, increased funding, and a shift towards more studentcentered teaching methods